Drug Discovery & Development

Application Notes

Applications of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) in the Development of Liquid Formulations for Protein Biopharmaceuticals

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Development and Optimization of Protein Formulations

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Presentations

Contribution of Variable Domains to the Stability of Humanized IgG1 Monoclonal Antibodies

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Therapeutic Proteins: Solution Behavior During Pre-Formulation and Formulation Development

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Favorable Entropic Influence of Urea Stabilizes Against Thermal Unfolding-Mediated Aggregation of rhuIL-1R

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The Sweetness of Thermal Stability: Using DSC to Probe Increases in Thermal Stability from the Addition of Polyols

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The Application of Capillary DSC in a Contract Development Organization

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Stability Characterization and Formulations Optimization

To arrive at the correct liquid formulation quickly is of paramount concern for the biopharmaceutical industry.  Regulatory agencies call for the use of stability indicating assays in the assessment of biotherapeutic stability.  Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) enables rapid, accurate, and easy to perform measurement of the thermal transition midpoint (Tm), which has proven to be exceptionally good indicator of the relative stability of liquid formulations.  Used as a stability-indicating assay, DSC can identify good formulations candidates earlier for further downstream processing and eliminate those that are more likely to fail.  DSC saves time and money by culling formulations that are likely to fail early and focus on those that are more viable for real time and accelerated stability studies.

DSC can quickly rank order both excipient and buffer stability contributions to a formulation thus making candidate decisions easier. In the example shown above, DSC was used to rapidly screen formulations conditions for a monoclonal antibody (Data and images courtesy of Alex Tracy, KBI Biopharma).

Why use DSC for biopharmaceutical formulations development?

  • Easily determine optimum solution conditions
  • Rapidly reduce the number of formulations processed downstream
  • Save time and money spent on drug substance and complex analytics
  • Expedite the development of a biotherapeutic using optimized formulations for accelerated and real-time stability studies

References

DSC-Liquid Protein Formulation Studies Reference List

Analytical Techniques for Biopharmaceutical Development
Roberto Rodriguez-Diaz, Tim Wehr, Stephen Tuck, editors
Taylor & Francis (2005)

  • Chapter 13 – Microcalorimetric Approaches to Biopharmaceutical Development (written by Richard L. Remmele, Jr.)

Interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) Liquid Formulation Development Using Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Richard L. Remmele, Jr., Nancy L. Nightlinger, Subhashini Srinivasan, and Wayne R. Gombotz
Pharmaceutical Research, Volume 15, 200-208 (1998)

Scan-Rate-Dependant Melting Transitions of Interleukin-1 Receptor (Type II): Elucidation of Meaningful Thermodynamic and Kinetic Parameters of Aggregation Acquired from DSC Simulations
Richard L. Remmele, Jr., Jian Zhang-van Enk, Vasu Dharmavaram, David Balaban, Mark Durst, Alex Shoshitaishvili, and Hugh Rand
Journal of the American Chemical Society, Volume 127, 8328-8339 (2005)

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